{"id":862,"date":"2024-04-14T19:12:00","date_gmt":"2024-04-14T19:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/?p=862"},"modified":"2025-05-04T17:53:57","modified_gmt":"2025-05-04T17:53:57","slug":"kako-nastane-severni-sij-2-zemljino-magnetno-polje-in-soncev-veter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/index.php\/2024\/04\/14\/kako-nastane-severni-sij-2-zemljino-magnetno-polje-in-soncev-veter\/","title":{"rendered":"Kako nastane severni sij: 2\/4 \u2013 Zemljino magnetno polje in son\u010dev veter"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Zemljino magnetno polje in son\u010dev veter sta klju\u010dni sestavini pri nastanku severnega sija. Poglejmo si Zemljino magnetno polje nekoliko pobli\u017eje. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zemljino magnetno polje &#8211; magnetosfera<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Zemljo obdaja\u00a0<strong>magnetno polje<\/strong>. Prihaja iz Zemljine notranjosti in nastaja v njenem teko\u010dem zunanjem jedru, tik pod pla\u0161\u010dem na globini skoraj 3000 km. Tam tokovi staljenega niklja in \u017eeleza povzro\u010dajo elektri\u010dne tokove in z njimi nastanek magnetnega polja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Zemljino magnetno polje je mehek, a zelo u\u010dinkovit \u0161\u010dit pred son\u010devim vetrom, ki ga imenujemo tudi\u00a0<strong>magnetosfera<\/strong>. Magnetosfera je nesimetri\u010dna, v obliki zelo zelo razpotegnjene kapljice. Na Zemljini dnevni strani jo son\u010dev veter stisne na pribli\u017eno 10 Zemljinih polmerov, oz. 1\/6 poti do Lune. Na no\u010dni strani, v smeri stran od Sonca, je raztegnjena v t.i. <strong>magnetni rep<\/strong>. Dolg je ve\u010d kot 200 Zemljinih polmerov, ve\u010d kot tri razdalje Luna-Zemlja. Rob magnetosfere imenujemo\u00a0<strong>magnetopavza<\/strong>. Pred magnetosfero se son\u010dev veter upo\u010dasni in zgosti, nastane\u00a0<strong>udarni val<\/strong>. Prostor med udarnim valom in magnetopavzo je poln nabitih delcev iz son\u010devega vetra, ki obtekajo magnetosfero. Imenujemo ga\u00a0<strong>magnetni \u0161\u010dit<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"825\" src=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/magnetosfera_m.jpg\" alt=\"Kako nastane severni sij: 2\/4 \u2013 Zemljino magnetno polje in son\u010dev veter. Magnetosfera.\" class=\"wp-image-962\" style=\"width:800px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/magnetosfera_m.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/magnetosfera_m-300x248.jpg 300w, https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/magnetosfera_m-768x634.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Shematski prikaz Zemljine magnetosfere z najpomembnej\u0161imi strukturami.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Magnetosfera odbija delce son\u010devega vetra in jih ve\u010dinoma usmeri okoli in mimo Zemlje. Magnetno polje na Zemljinih polih je odprto. Magnetne silnice tam ne potekajo v zaprti poti od severnega k ju\u017enemu te\u010daju, ampak se nadaljujejo v vesolje. To predstavlja odprto oz. \u0161ibko obmo\u010dje, kjer nabiti delci la\u017eje vstopajo v magnetosfero.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">V magnetnem repu je magnetno polje deljeno na dva re\u017enja: severnega in ju\u017enega, v katerih magnetne silnice potekajo v nasprotnih smereh, vmes pa se nahaja bolj ali manj ravna plast obogatena z nabitimi delci, <strong>plazemska <\/strong>oz. <strong>nevtralna ploskev <\/strong>(ang.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.albany.edu\/faculty\/rgk\/atm101\/magneto.htm\"> <em>plasma \/ neutral sheet<\/em><\/a>)<strong>. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"380\" data-src=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/magnetosfera-plazemska-ploskev.jpg\" alt=\"Kako nastane severni sij: 2\/4 \u2013 Zemljino magnetno polje in son\u010dev veter. Magnetosfera.\" class=\"wp-image-1005 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1000px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1000\/380;width:800px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/magnetosfera-plazemska-ploskev.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/magnetosfera-plazemska-ploskev-300x114.jpg 300w, https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/magnetosfera-plazemska-ploskev-768x292.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Shematski prikaz magnetosfere s plazemsko ploskvijo in magnetnim repom.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Plazemska ploskev je izvorno obmo\u010dje nabitih delcev, ki povzro\u010dajo polarni (severni in ju\u017eni) sij. Kako Zemljino magnetno polje in son\u010dev veter pripeljeta do severnega sija &#8211; preberite <a href=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/index.php\/2024\/04\/13\/kako-nastane-severni-sij-3-nastanek-polarnega-sija\/\">tukaj<\/a>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-wp-embed is-provider-severnisij-si wp-block-embed-severnisij-si\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"uNWNE3xHgN\"><a href=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/index.php\/2024\/04\/13\/kako-nastane-severni-sij-3-nastanek-polarnega-sija\/\">Kako nastane severni sij: 3\/4 \u2013 Nastanek polarnega sija<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content lazyload\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Kako nastane severni sij: 3\/4 \u2013 Nastanek polarnega sija&#8221; &#8212; Severnisij.si\" data-src=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/index.php\/2024\/04\/13\/kako-nastane-severni-sij-3-nastanek-polarnega-sija\/embed\/#?secret=O3ZjHOz5S5#?secret=uNWNE3xHgN\" data-secret=\"uNWNE3xHgN\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-load-mode=\"1\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zemljino magnetno polje in son\u010dev veter sta klju\u010dni sestavini pri nastanku severnega sija. Poglejmo si Zemljino magnetno polje nekoliko pobli\u017eje. Zemljino magnetno polje &#8211; magnetosfera Zemljo obdaja\u00a0magnetno polje. Prihaja iz Zemljine notranjosti in nastaja v njenem teko\u010dem zunanjem jedru, tik pod pla\u0161\u010dem na globini skoraj 3000 km. Tam tokovi staljenega niklja in \u017eeleza povzro\u010dajo elektri\u010dne [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":962,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-862","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-kako-severni-sij-nastane","czr-hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Zemljino magnetno polje in son\u010dev veter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Son\u010dev veter in Zemljino magnetno polje, kako nas \u0161\u010diti pred son\u010devim vetrom in pri tem nastane svetlobni pojav severnega sija.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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