{"id":860,"date":"2024-04-16T19:05:39","date_gmt":"2024-04-16T19:05:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/?p=860"},"modified":"2025-05-04T09:09:05","modified_gmt":"2025-05-04T09:09:05","slug":"kako-nastane-severni-sij-1-soncev-veter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/index.php\/2024\/04\/16\/kako-nastane-severni-sij-1-soncev-veter\/","title":{"rendered":"Kako nastane severni sij: 1\/4 \u2013 Son\u010dev veter"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Sonce oddaja stalen tok elektronov in protonov, imenovan <strong>son\u010dev veter<\/strong>. S son\u010devim vetrom Sonce letno izgubi okoli milijon ton snov, kar sicer zveni veliko, a je to v praksi povsem neopazno. Za\u010detki son\u010devega vetra so v son\u010devi <strong>koroni<\/strong>, vlaknasti kopreni nabitih delcev, ki se \u0161iri v vse smeri od Sonca in jo lahko vidimo med Son\u010devim mrkom. Piha skozi celo Oson\u010dje in naprej proti medzvezdnemu prostoru.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1003\" height=\"966\" src=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Soncev_veter_SDO_SOHO.jpg\" alt=\"Kako nastane severni sij: 1\/4 \u2013 Son\u010dev veter. Son\u010deva korona.\" class=\"wp-image-825\" style=\"width:600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Soncev_veter_SDO_SOHO.jpg 1003w, https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Soncev_veter_SDO_SOHO-300x289.jpg 300w, https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Soncev_veter_SDO_SOHO-768x740.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1003px) 100vw, 1003px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Prameni son\u010deve korone, kjer nastaja in se za\u010denja son\u010dev veter.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Son\u010dev veter je ve\u010dinoma enakomeren, njegova povpre\u010dna hitrost pri Zemlji je 300-400 km\/s, gostota pa okoli 1-10 nabitih delcev na kubi\u010dni centimeter. S sabo nosi tudi magnetno polje, ki ga imenujemo <strong>medplanetarno magnetno polje<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Izbruhi na Soncu in hiter son\u010dev veter<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Ob\u010dasno Zemljo zadene hitrej\u0161i in gostej\u0161i son\u010dev veter, z mo\u010dnej\u0161im magnetnim poljem. To se lahko zgodi na dva na\u010dina: 1) lahko nas zadene izbruh koronske mase ali 2) hiter son\u010dev veter iz koronske luknje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Izbruhi (izmet) koronske mase<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\"><strong>Izbruhi (izmeti) koronske mase<\/strong> (ang. <em>CME \u2013 Coronal Mass Ejection<\/em>) so ogromni oblaki nabitih delcev, ki jih od Sonca v vesolje po\u017eenejo bodisi son\u010devi bli\u0161\u010di, bodisi izbruhi filamentov.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" data-src=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/CME.jpg\" alt=\"Kako nastane severni sij: 1\/4 \u2013 Son\u010dev veter. Izbruhi CME.\" class=\"wp-image-904 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/680;width:600px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/CME.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/CME-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/CME-768x510.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Izbruh koronske mase (CME). Slika: NASA \/ ESA <a href=\"https:\/\/gs671-suske.ndc.nasa.gov\/\">SOHO<\/a> \/ Joe Gurman, Simon Plunkett, Steele Hill, Stein Vidar Haugan.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Son\u010devi bli\u0161\u010di<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\"><strong>Son\u010devi bli\u0161\u010di<\/strong> (ang. <em>solar flares<\/em>) so nenadna mo\u010dna in zelo lokalizirana pove\u010danja Son\u010deve svetlosti predvsem v rentgenskih in UV \u017earkih. Med mo\u010dnimi bli\u0161\u010di se lahko Son\u010dev svetlost v rentgenskih \u017earkih pove\u010da tudi za 100 do 1000-krat. Son\u010devi bli\u0161\u010di nastanejo ko pride do nenadne sprostitve nakopi\u010dene energije v mo\u010dnih magnetnih poljih velikih in zapletenih skupin son\u010devih peg.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\" data-src=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/eit_l.gif\" alt=\"Kako nastane severni sij: 1\/4 \u2013 Son\u010dev veter. Son\u010dev bli\u0161\u010d.\" class=\"wp-image-884 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 512px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 512\/512;\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Mo\u010den son\u010dev bli\u0161\u010d kategorije X (X5.7) usmerjen neposredno proti Zemlji. Ta bli\u0161\u010d je povzro\u010dil hiter izbruh CME, ki je na Zemlji povzro\u010dil <a href=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/index.php\/2024\/04\/03\/severni-sij-16-julija-2000\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/index.php\/2024\/04\/03\/severni-sij-16-julija-2000\/\">geomagnetni vihar 16. julija 2000<\/a>. Takrat smo severni sij videli tudi <a href=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/index.php\/2024\/04\/03\/severni-sij-16-julija-2000\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/index.php\/2024\/04\/03\/severni-sij-16-julija-2000\/\">pri nas<\/a>. Posnetek: NASA \/ ESA SOHO.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Izbruhi filamentov<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Filamenti so v magnetnih poljih nad son\u010devo povr\u0161ino ujeti obse\u017eni oblaki nabitih delcev. Na robu Sonca, \u0161e posebej med son\u010devimi mrki jih vidimo kot protuberance. Ko se magnetna polja, v katerih so ujeti filamenti destabilizirajo lahko pride do izbruha filamenta. Takrat se nabiti delci v filamentu sprosti in ga odnese v vesolje stran od Sonca, lahko tudi proti Zemlji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Obi\u010dajno so usmerjene stran od nas in se lepo vidi, kako se \u0161irijo v vesolje. \u010ce so usmerjene neposredno proti nam (ali stran od nas) se navidezno bolj ali manj enakomerno \u0161irijo v vse smeri od Sonca. To so t.i. <em>full-halo CME<\/em> izbruhi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hiter son\u010dev veter iz koronskih lukenj<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Drugi tip hitrega in dinami\u010dmnega son\u010devega vetra prihaja iz koronskih lukenj. To so obmo\u010dja odprtega son\u010devega magnetnega polja, v katerih iz korone nabiti delci uhajajo s ve\u010djimi hitrostmi kot sicer in oblikujejo \u0161irok curek ali tok hitrega son\u010devega vetra.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"756\" height=\"782\" data-src=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/2025_04_21_03_07_20_AIA_211.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2351 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 756px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 756\/782;width:600px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/2025_04_21_03_07_20_AIA_211.png 756w, https:\/\/severnisij.si\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/2025_04_21_03_07_20_AIA_211-290x300.png 290w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 756px) 100vw, 756px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Posnetek sonca v daljni ultravijoli\u010dni svetlobi (EUV). Temno obmo\u010dje na ju\u017eni polobli je velika koronska luknja. Foto: NASA SDO.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Medtem, ko umirjen son\u010dev veter piha s hitrostjo 300-400 km\/s, lahko hiter son\u010dev veter iz koronskih lukenj dosega hitrosti tudi \u010dez 800 km\/s. Son\u010dev veter v izbruhih koronske mase (CME) lahko ima ve\u010dji razpon hitrosti, od okoli 400 km\/s do ve\u010d kot 2000 km\/s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-wp-embed is-provider-severnisij-si wp-block-embed-severnisij-si\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"PIJBiymSHS\"><a href=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/index.php\/2024\/04\/14\/kako-nastane-severni-sij-2-zemljino-magnetno-polje\/\">Kako nastane severni sij: 2\/4 \u2013 Zemljino magnetno polje in son\u010dev veter<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content lazyload\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Kako nastane severni sij: 2\/4 \u2013 Zemljino magnetno polje in son\u010dev veter&#8221; &#8212; Severnisij.si\" data-src=\"https:\/\/severnisij.si\/index.php\/2024\/04\/14\/kako-nastane-severni-sij-2-zemljino-magnetno-polje\/embed\/#?secret=KPUKkzvznD#?secret=PIJBiymSHS\" data-secret=\"PIJBiymSHS\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-load-mode=\"1\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sonce oddaja stalen tok elektronov in protonov, imenovan son\u010dev veter. S son\u010devim vetrom Sonce letno izgubi okoli milijon ton snov, kar sicer zveni veliko, a je to v praksi povsem neopazno. Za\u010detki son\u010devega vetra so v son\u010devi koroni, vlaknasti kopreni nabitih delcev, ki se \u0161iri v vse smeri od Sonca in jo lahko vidimo med [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":904,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-860","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-kako-severni-sij-nastane","czr-hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kako nastane severni sij: 1\/4 \u2013 Son\u010dev veter - Severnisij.si<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Son\u010dev veter: kako nastane, kako piha po na\u0161em Oson\u010dju, kak\u0161ne so njegove lastnosti. 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